Refugee Studies Centre

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Title	Description	People	Date
FMR 49 General - The Cartagena process: 30 years of innovation and solidarity	The 30th anniversary of the 1984 Cartagena Declaration offers the opportunity to consider the achievements of the Cartagena process and the specific characteristics that make it so remarkable.	Carlos Maldonado Castillo	18 June, 2015
FMR 49 General - Trafficking for human organs	Trafficking of people for their organs is an emerging transnational crime that has failed to receive sufficient international attention.	Vladimir Makei	18 June, 2015
FMR 49 General - Sweet tea and cigarettes: a taste of refugee life in Jordan	Among refugees in Jordan, utter boredom – the result of restrictions on mobility, prohibitions on employment, and feelings of marginalisation – is an unmistakable source of anguish.	Rana B Khoury	18 June, 2015
FMR 49 General - Refugee-state distrust on the Thai-Burma border	Distrust between refugees and their state of origin must be given due consideration in institutional approaches to repatriation of refugees, on the Thai-Burma border and in other refugee contexts worldwide.	Karen Hargrave	18 June, 2015
FMR 49 General - Animals and forced migration	Harm to animals resulting from forced migration of people is intricately interwoven with and contingent upon the simultaneous suffering of humans.	Piers Beirne, Caitlin Kelty-Huber	18 June, 2015
FMR 49, FGM - Editors’ Introduction	An introductory note from the Editors of a special mini-feature on 'FGM and Asylum in Europe' in FMR 49.	Marion Couldrey, Maurice Herson	4 June, 2015
FMR 49, FGM - Female genital mutilation: a case for asylum in Europe	With some 71% of female EU asylum applicants from FGM-practising countries estimated to be survivors of this harmful traditional practice, it is time to accept that this subject demands greater scrutiny and a more dedicated response.	Fadela Novak-Irons	4 June, 2015
FMR 49, FGM - FGM: challenges for asylum applicants and officials	Asylum authorities in the European Union need to establish better procedures to help address the specific vulnerabilities and protection needs of women and girls who have undergone or are at risk of female genital mutilation.	Christine Flamand	4 June, 2015
FMR 49, FGM - The medicalisation of female genital mutilation	The ‘medicalisation’ of female genital mutilation should be denounced on two counts.Firstly, it is usually anatomically more damaging and, secondly, it goes against the ethical basis of the medical profession.	Pierre Foldes, Frédérique Martz	4 June, 2015
FMR 49, FGM - The Istanbul Convention: new treaty, new tool	The new Istanbul Convention provides a powerful tool for more effectively guaranteeing the protection of asylum seekers at risk of gender-based persecution and at risk of FGM in particular.	Elise Petitpas, Johanna Nelles	4 June, 2015
FMR 49, FGM - Changing attitudes in Finland towards FGM	Former refugee women are now working as professional educators among immigrant and refugee communities in Finland to tackle ignorance of the impact and extent of female genital mutilation/cutting.	Saido Mohamed, Solomie Teshome	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - From the Editors	An introductory note on FMR 48, 'Faith and Responses to Displacement', from the Editors.	Marion Couldrey, Maurice Herson	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Religious leaders unite to disarm hearts and minds	In the Central African Republic, where religion has been used as a tool to divide and manipulate the population, religious leaders have come together to promote tolerance and forgiveness as a basis for rebuilding peaceful cohabitation.	Monsignor Dieudonné Nzapalainga, Imam Omar Kobine Layama, Pastor Nicolas Guerekoyame Gbangou	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Local faith actors and protection in complex and insecure environments	Faith leaders, faith-based organisations and local faith communities play a major role in the protection of people affected by conflict, disaster and displacement. Humanitarians, however, have only recently begun to fully appreciate their protection work.	James Thomson	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The value of accompaniment	Friendship and compassionate companionship with the most vulnerable provide a powerful type of humanitarian service giving priority to personal accompaniment.	Joe Hampson, Thomas M Crea, Rocío Calvo, Francisco Álvarez	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - How local faith communities can aid asylum seekers	Local faith communities are able to offer assistance to asylum seekers in ways that faith-based organisations, constrained by eligibility criteria, are not.	Kelly Barneche, ‘Joe’	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The role of religion in the formation of cross-community relationships	Spiritual life is a priority in many conflict-affected communities. It is rarely prioritised by aid agencies, yet may be central to the formation and maintaining of strong and effective cross-community relationships.	Sadia Kidwai, Lucy V Moore, Atallah FitzGibbon	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The contribution of FBOs working with the displaced	Faith-based organisations take from their religious traditions both strong motivations & access to a long history of thinking concerning social and political issues. This can make them ideally placed to fill the gaps in the implementation of human rights	David Holdcroft	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Faith and the secular: tensions in realising humanitarian principles	There is good reason to engage faith-based organisations and local faith communities in humanitarian response but doing so raises challenging issues for the interpretation of humanitarian principles in what some see as a post-secular age.	Alastair Ager	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Faith motivation and effectiveness: a Catholic experience	CAFOD’s ability to partner with other FBOs and communities brings significant advantages for its work with displaced people. However, modern-day humanitarianism does not always sit comfortably alongside some of the practices of the major religions.	Robert Cruickshank, Cat Cowley	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The dignity of the human person	Catholic Social Teaching’s emphasis on the dignity of the human person is a lens that Catholic institutions use to evaluate how we as a global society enhance or threaten the dignity of the human person, especially the most vulnerable of people.	Nathalie Lummert	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Journeys of a secular organisation in south Lebanon	A secular NGO’s experiences in south Lebanon demonstrate that it is possible for non-faith-based organisations to develop productive relationships with faith-based actors without compromising their secular identities.	Jason Squire, Kristen Hope	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Reflections from the field	Working with religious leaders is an essential element of serving local communities, as is an understanding of the religious life of local communities and how belief influences their decision making.	Simon Russell	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The asylum seeker: a faith perspective	An organisation based on faith will listen and try to understand when unjust laws, traditions, cultures or ideologies cause refugees to flee.	Flor Maria Rigoni	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Christian civil disobedience and indefinite, mandatory immigration detention in Australia	A new movement of Christian activists in Australia is using radical direct action to challenge their country’s policy of mandatory detention of asylum seeker children.	Marcus Campbell	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Guided by humanitarian principles	Caritas Luxembourg’s work with refugees, IDPs and migrants in Colombia, Lebanon and Luxembourg offers some examples of the ways in which a faith-based organisation may be advantaged or disadvantaged by its faith basis.	Andreas Vogt, Sophie Colsell	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - A Luxembourg government perspective on faith in partnership	While flexible in partnering with agencies best placed to assist affected populations, Luxembourg requires its partners to adhere to humanitarian principles.	Max Lamesch	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Not in our remit	When secular organisations are responding to the needs of displaced people, the religious practices and needs of the communities may not be high on the list of things to be thought about.	Maurice Herson	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Faith, relief and development: the UMCOR-Muslim Aid model seven years on	Seven years ago, a strategic partnership between the United Methodist Committee on Relief and Muslim Aid in Sri Lanka was formalised into a worldwide partnership agreement. Why did the partnership not achieve its goals?	Amjad Saleem, Guy Hovey	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Church Asylum	Church asylum, or sanctuary, is a practice to support, counsel and give shelter to refugees who are threatened with deportation to inhumane living conditions, torture or even death. This practice can be located at the interface of benevolence and politics	Birgit Neufert	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Offering sanctuary to failed refugee claimants in Canada	Despite the anti-refugee sentiment demonstrated by Canada’s recent legislative changes and the government’s hardening attitude towards those in sanctuary, the spirit of resistance and community engagement is alive and well in Canada.	Kristin Marshall	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Interfaith humanitarian cooperation: a Lutheran perspective	The Lutheran World Federation’s experience is that closer cooperation between faith-based organisations of different faiths is both possible and beneficial.	Elizabeth Gano	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The clash and clout of faith: refugee aid in Ghana and Kenya	A case-study from Ghana assesses the importance of a faith-based response to displacement in West Africa, while an example from Kenya highlights problems that can arise in collaborations between secular and faith-based organisations.	Elizabeth Wirtz, Jonas Ecke	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - An inter-religious humanitarian response in the Central African Republic	Inter-religious action has played a key role in ensuring that social cohesion and inter-religious mediation remain on the int'l agenda in relation to response in the Central African Republic, where people’s faith is an integral part of their identity	Catherine Mahony	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Respecting faiths, avoiding harm: psychosocial assistance in Jordan and the United States	Both faith-based and secular organisations need to recognise the ways in which religion can provide healing and support but can also cause harm for refugees and asylum seekers.	Maryam Zoma	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Religious space, humanitarian space	he Protestant church in Morocco is struggling with tensions as it navigates between being a church organisation and being – in its work with refugees and migrants – something more like a non-governmental organisation.	May Ngo	4 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Faith-based humanitarianism in northern Myanmar	The response of faith-based organisations to displacement in northern Myanmar has been remarkable but sustaining an open and collaborative relationship with the international community remains an ongoing challenge.	Edward Benson, Carine Jaquet	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The costs of giving and receiving: dilemmas in Bangkok	Local faith-based organisations play a central role in meeting the basic needs of the increasing urban refugee population in Bangkok. This raises challenges for all involved.	Sabine Larribeau, Sharonne Broadhead	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Faith and the politics of resettlement	For some asylum seekers in Turkey, conversion may be an opportunistic strategy to improve resettlement prospects.	Shoshana Fine	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Principles and proselytising: good practice in Ethiopia	Faith-based organisations need to ensure that in providing essential humanitarian assistance they do not exploit the vulnerability of people by proselytising, whether overtly or covertly.	Zenebe Desta	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Jewish roots of humanitarian assistance	The act of assistance is an act of respect for the humanity of others and is not the preserve of any one faith.	Ricardo Augman, Enrique Burbinski	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Chins in Mizoram state, India: a faith-based response	The faith community in Mizoram state in India has played an instrumental role in providing social services, changing perceptions of refugees, and providing access and assistance, reaching the most vulnerable where there's no international presence.	Jenny Yang	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Engaging IDPs in Sri Lanka: a Buddhist approach	A Buddhist Sri Lankan NGO provides an example of how endogenous faith-based civil society organisations can help mobilise IDPs in owning and defining strategies for their own protection. - See more at: http://www.fmreview.org/faith/contents#sthash.Ktl8olu	Emily Barry-Murphy, Max Stephenson	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - An ecumenical organisation for asylum seekers in Switzerland	An ecumenical organisation provides socio-pastoral assistance for asylum seekers while they go through the first crucial steps of the asylum proceedings.	Susy Mugnes, Felicina Proserpio, Luisa Deponti	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - African refugees and the particular role of churches in the UK	Many churches have the necessary physical and social assets to assist refugees in the community both individually and by bringing them together.	Samuel Bekalo	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Post-disaster recovery and support in Japan	As a locally based faith-based organisation, there were several aspects that enabled Soka Gakkai to contribute effectively to the relief effort following the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan, responding to both physical and psychological needs.	Kimiaki Kawai	3 June, 2015
FMR 48: ‘Welcoming the stranger’ and UNHCR’s cooperation with faith-based organisations	Since its creation in 1950, UNHCR has engaged with faith-based organisations, faith communities and faith leaders in carrying out its work. Recently, UNHCR has been more actively exploring the role of faith in humanitarian responses.	José Riera, Marie-Claude Poirier	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - What’s faith got to do with it?	Use of the faith-based label demands greater clarification lest it lose coherence and result in adverse policy implications, excluding religiously motivated actors from providing much-needed assistance to displaced communities, particularly inside Syria.	Tahir Zaman	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Refugees’ integration in Uganda will require renewed lobbying	A legal decision about whether refugees in Uganda can become citizens continues to be delayed.	Georgia Cole	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - The 1969 OAU Convention and the continuing challenge for the African Union	Forty years after the OAU Convention on Refugees came into force, the dismal state in which refugees in Africa find themselves these days raises the question as to whether the Convention has lived up to expectations.	J O Moses Okello	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - From violence to more violence in Central America	Many Central American migrants flee their home country as a result of violence and threats from the criminal gangs. A large number of them also encounter the same type of violence that they are fleeing when on the migratory routes through Mexico.	Israel Medina	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Work and refugee integration in Sweden	One of the main challenges facing refugees trying to integrate in their host country is finding a suitable job. Sweden recognises this issue and is investing in making inclusion in the labour market the driver of refugee integration.	Miguel Peromingo	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Frozen displacement: Kashmiri Pandits in India	In the 1990s nearly 250,000 people were displaced by violence in India. More than 20 years later the question for them is whether the responses to their displacement so far can form the basis for long-term solutions for their protracted displacement.	Mahima Thussu	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Public policy to address displacement in Mexico	At hearings of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in November 2013 on the human rights situation in Mexico, the issue of the internally displaced in particular caught my attention.	José Ramón Cossío Díaz	3 June, 2015
FMR 48 - Reflections from the encampment decision in the High Court of Kenya	Civil society groups are embracing a recent victory in the High Court of Kenya as a reminder of the important role that strategic litigation can play in the enforcement and promotion of refugee rights.	Anna Wirth	3 June, 2015
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Humanitarian innovation, humanitarian renewal?	The continued evolution of the humanitarian innovation concept needs a critical engagement with how this agenda interacts with previous and contemporary attempts to improve humanitarian action.	Kristin Bergtora Sandvik	12 January, 2015
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Innovation and new ways of working across sectors	Humanitarian actors will have to adapt to a changing world but it will not be easy or straightforward. Operations are changing as a result of innovations which bring many improvements but also throw up challenges.	Erik Abild	12 January, 2015
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Innovation for equity in Lebanon	Innovative approaches in Lebanon aim to address, in two very different ways, the particular needs of the most vulnerable among the refugee and host populations.	Luciano Calestini	12 January, 2015
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Innovation and refugee livelihoods: a historical perspective	It is difficult to speak convincingly of ‘new’ or innovative practices towards refugees, especially in refugee livelihoods assistance, while there remains a significant gap in historical knowledge and institutional memory.	Evan Elise Easton-Calabria	12 January, 2015
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Entrepreneurship and innovation by refugees in Uganda	In order to make a living, refugees have to be innovative, and refugees in Uganda have contributed tremendously to entrepreneurship and innovation in the country.	Robert Hakiza	8 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Resettlement and livelihoods innovation in the US	Conversations with multiple stakeholders in the US help to highlight barriers to economic self-sufficiency for resettled refugees and opportunities for innovative approaches.	Faith Nibbs	8 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - UNHCR Ideas: an online platform for change	‘UNHCR Ideas’ aims to enable collaborative problem solving and idea generation among an online community.	Alice Bosley	8 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Technology, production and partnership innovation in Uganda	Since 2007 a partnership between UNHCR, the Government of Uganda and ‘MakaPads’ inventor Moses Musaazi has helped provide affordable sanitary pads for thousands of refugee girls and women.	Moses Musaazi	8 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Learning curves and collaboration in reconceiving refugee settlements	A collaboration between UNHCR, Ennead Architects and Stanford University uses settlement design to promote innovation and further development in the refugee protection model but collaborators initially face a steep learning curve.	Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar, Aparna Surendra	2 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Innovation: what, why and how for a UN organisation	The purpose of innovation is to make humanitarian work more effective and more reflective. We do innovation to improve human lives by doing things better. Innovation, for UNHCR, is a humanitarian imperative to be carried out with partners.	T Alexander Aleinikoff	2 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - Introduction: refugees and innovation	Doing innovation well presents challenges for how we can work better together as organisations and with displaced people, and how we can break down traditional barriers between actors – all while upholding ethical principles and protection standards.	Alexander Betts	2 December, 2014
FMR Innovation and Refugees - From the editors	From the editors	Marion Couldrey, Maurice Herson	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Mobility as a solution	Not all those who have gone to Syria's neighbours are registered, nor do all of these people regard themselves as refugees	Lucas Oesch	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 How the crisis is altering women’s roles in Syria	The significance of women as both distributors and recipients has been pivotal to the implementation of humanitarian assistance but also points to the burgeoning of a new social dynamic that has come about as a result of the upheaval caused by the war.	Zerene Haddad	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 The inside story: internal displacement in Syria	With IDPs currently constituting two-thirds of those uprooted by the conflict, the ‘inside story’ of displacement in Syria requires much greater attention.	Erin Mooney	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 The mental health of Syrian refugee children and adolescents	Mental health services can be key to restoring basic psychological functioning and to supporting resilience and positive coping strategies for children, adolescents and adults.	Leah James, Annie Sovcik, Ferdinand Garoff, Reem Abbasi	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 The vulnerability of Palestinian refugees from Syria	While Syrian nationals may eventually return to their home country, the future for Palestinians from Syria is increasingly uncertain. Meanwhile they are more vulnerable, and treated worse, than most other refugees from the Syrian conflict.	Leah Morrison	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 The impact of displacement on disabled, injured and older Syrian refugees	In contexts of displacement it is critical to recognise that some groups in the population may require specific attention. Awareness of these needs has major consequences for the types of services required, and the way they are delivered.	Marcus Skinner	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Gender, conscription and protection, and the war in Syria	The struggles endured by men who remain inside Syria and the obstacles faced by others who choose to remove themselves from the fighting by fleeing the country demonstrate a need to redefine classic conceptions of vulnerability.	Rochelle Davis, Abbie Taylor, Emma Murphy	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 If Israel accepted Syrian refugees and IDPs in the Golan Heights	Could re-opening the Golan Heights to Syrians displaced by the conflict be a beneficial option for those fleeing the Syrian conflict and for Israel’s relations with its north-eastern neighbour?	Crystal Plotner	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 For beneficiary-led protection programming in Jordan	Despite the humanitarian community’s clear focus on addressing the protection concerns of displaced Syrians, in Jordan the beneficiaries of many protection programmes have had limited influence on the shape of the protection response to date.	Sinead McGrath	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 A duty and a burden on Jordan	It is important to Jordan both that it protects its national identity and maintains its cultural obligations, and that it faces up to its humanitarian obligations.	Saleh Al-Kilani	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Protection challenges of mobility	It is easy to say that people fleeing Syria should stay in camps or satellite cities but people move on for a variety of reasons, and programmes and services must adapt to assist them.	Melissa Phillips, Kathrine Starup	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Refugee by association	Many Syrians, even when they have not been individually singled out, meet the refugee criteria on the grounds of being at risk of persecution because of a perceived association, in the broadest sense, with one of the parties to the conflict.	Blanche Tax	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Limited legal status for refugees from Syria in Lebanon	Having limited legal status has direct negative consequences for Syrian refugees’ access to protection and assistance during their stay in Lebanon. Limited legal status also increases the risks of abuse and exploitation.	Dalia Aranki, Olivia Kalis	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Coping strategies among self-settled Syrians in Lebanon	Refugees in Lebanon prefer living outside camps, where they can influence their situation.	Cathrine Thorleifsson	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Refugee activists’ involvement in relief effort in Lebanon	A cadre of educated middle-class Syrian refugees dedicated to improving conditions for Syrians at home and in Lebanon are building a civil society in exile but face obstacles to consolidating their presence and becoming more effective.	Frances Topham Smallwood	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 The role of host communities in north Lebanon	Research conducted in Akkar, north Lebanon, suggests that the role played by the host community demonstrates good local capacity which should be built on to encourage further civic engagement and empowerment.	Helen Mackreath	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Syrians contributing to Kurdish economic growth	The circumstances for both successful livelihoods programming for refugees and for contributing to the local economy are present in the Kurdish region of Iraq.	Anubha Sood, Louisa Seferis	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 The refugee crisis in Lebanon and Jordan: the need for economic development spending	The most effective way to tackle the Syrian refugee crisis is for neighbouring states to assume a leading role in development spending, infrastructure upgrading and job creation, particularly in the most underdeveloped regions of those countries.	Omar Dahi	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Development and protection challenges of the Syrian refugee crisisf	The Syria Regional Response Plan 6 (RRP6) 2014 provides an increased focus on early recovery, social cohesion interventions and a transition from assistance to development-led interventions, alongside the continuing large-scale humanitarian assistance.	Roger Zetter, Heloise Ruaudel	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 Foreword: the inheritance of loss	As the civil war in Syria drags on, the scale of displacement continues to increase. While the crisis may be prolonged, refugees and IDPs need support now for their protection, their recovery, and both their immediate and their long-term prospects.	Nigel Fisher	2 December, 2014
FMR 47 From the Editors	From the Editors	Marion Couldrey, Maurice Herson	2 December, 2014
FMR 46 Enhancing security of land tenure for IDPs	The case of Maslakh in western Afghanistan is an example of translating Afghanistan’s new IDP Policy into reality.	Shobha Rao, Jan Turkstra	11 June, 2014
FMR 46 Anchoring return: the role of the Solutions Strategy	Providing a minimum standard of living and livelihood opportunities to help anchor those who have returned is critical for the future stability and security of Afghanistan.	Pierfrancesco Maria Natta	11 June, 2014
FMR 46 An IDP Policy for Afghanistan: from draft to reality	Developing a national policy to address the needs of Afghanistan’s IDPs was beset with obstacles and challenges.	Laurie S Wiseberg	11 June, 2014
FMR 46 Stateless in Afghanistan	A group of people of nomadic lifestyle in eastern Afghanistan has reportedly recently been forcibly relocated because of their lack of identity documents.	Maira Kuppers	11 June, 2014
FMR 46 Continuing conflict, continuing displacement in southern Afghanistan	With fighting and insecurity likely to remain dominant features of Afghanistan’s landscape in the immediate future, displacement will continue to ebb and flow.	Rahmatullah Amiri	11 June, 2014
FMR 46 2014 and beyond: implications for displacement	2014 marks a watershed for Afghanistan, with the withdrawal of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) after twelve years, and the very real risks this withdrawal poses to the capacity of the Afghan state.	Aidan O’Leary	11 June, 2014
FMR 46 From the editors	From the editors	Marion Couldrey, Maurice Herson	11 June, 2014
FMR 45 Connecting and communicating after Typhoon Haiyan	In the first month of the Typhoon Haiyan response, one of the priorities facing the international community was to re-establish internet connectivity in order to facilitate information sharing and the provision of assistance.	Mariko Hall, Adam Ashcroft	7 April, 2014
FMR 45 Internal displacement in Kenya: the quest for durable solutions	Internal displacement in Kenya has been a challenge since the colonial era but only recently has a legal framework been developed to address IDP protection issues.	Lucy Kiama, Fredrick Koome	7 April, 2014
FMR 45 Dictatorships, refugees and reparation in the Southern Cone of Latin America	Since the return of democracy to Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay there has been particular recognition of forced displacement within the framework of reparations for the abuses suffered under dictatorial governments.	Juan Pablo Terminiello	7 April, 2014
FMR 45 Perspectives of refugees on returning to Somalia	MSF recently asked Somali refugees in Dadaab’s Dagahaley camp about their living conditions and their thoughts about returning to Somalia in the near future.	Caroline Abu Sa’Da, Sergio Bianchi	7 April, 2014
FMR 45 Opportunity to change Lebanon’s asylum policy	Lebanon’s attitude towards the ‘Syrian exception’ can be used as the starting point for its policy to come into line with international refugee and human rights norms, standards and protection.	Samira Trad	7 April, 2014

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