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forced migration review

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FMR 45 Lessons from the development of the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement

The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement filled a major gap in the international protection system for uprooted people.

FMR 45 The concept of crisis migration

Crisis migration needs to be understood in terms of 'tipping points', which are triggered not just by events but also by underlying structural processes.

FMR 45 What is crisis migration?

Movements precipitated by humanitarian crises have implications that touch upon immigration control and national interests, human rights, humanitarian and development principles, and frameworks for international protection, cooperation and burden sharing.

FMR 45 Foreword on migrants in crisis

When it comes to protecting migrants' well-being and rights, smart practices abound. There are many practices that can and should become global standards.

FMR 45 From the Editors

From the editors.

Detention and deportation (Forced Migration Review 44)

FMR 44 Freedom of movement of Afghan refugees in Iran

Although legally justifiable, increasing restrictions on movement and work for refugees in Iran have detrimental effects for the refugees.

FMR 44 Insights from the refugee response in Cameroon

The integration of Central African refugees into existing Cameroonian communities has had far-reaching development impacts on the region and the state as a whole.

FMR 44 UNHCR in Uganda: better than its reputation suggests

Mistrust and fear abound among Rwandan refugees in Uganda. The dearth of information available about cessation urgently needs to be addressed by UNHCR.

FMR 44 Post-deportation monitoring: why, how and by whom?

The monitoring of refused asylum seekers post-deportation is critical to effective protection.

FMR 44 Deportation of South Sudanese from Israel

Israel's aggressive campaign of arrest and deportation of South Sudanese asylum seekers contravenes the principle of non-refoulement and international standards for voluntary, dignified return.

FMR 44 Assisted voluntary return schemes

While AVR is clearly preferable to deportation, NGOs and academics alike have criticised these schemes for being misleadingly labelled and lacking genuine voluntariness.

FMR 44 Shortcomings in assistance for deported Afghan youth

Programmes to assist deported Afghan youth to reintegrate on their return are failing miserably. There needs to be much greater awareness of what it is like for them when they return, and of good practice in implementing such programmes.

FMR 44 No longer a child: from the UK to Afghanistan

Young Afghans forced to return to Kabul having spent formative years in the UK encounter particular risks and lack any tailored support on their return.

FMR 44 State reluctance to use alternatives to detention

States continue to show a marked reluctance to implement alternatives to immigration detention. The reason for this may well be because such alternatives ignore the disciplinary function of detention by which states coerce people into cooperation.

FMR 44 Questions over alternatives to detention programmes

Alternative to detention programmes may be less restrictive and less expensive than formal detention but they may still have drawbacks. The provision of competent legal advice appears to be key to low rates of absconding.

FMR 44 Flawed assessment process leads to under-use of alternatives in Sweden

Sweden is often held up as following 'best practice' in legislation with regard to detention and alternatives to detention but research by the Swedish Red Cross highlights a number of flaws.

FMR 44 Community detention in Australia: a more humane way forward

A group of Australian advocates lobbied successfully for the implementation of community detention as a viable, humane alternative, giving asylum seekers an opportunity to engage in a more meaningful existence.

FMR 44 Alternatives to detention: open family units in Belgium

Preliminary outcomes of an alternative to detention programme in Belgium, based on case management and individual 'coaches' for families, are positive and merit consideration by other countries.

FMR 44 New models for alternatives to detention in the US

While there is growing recognition of the value of community-based alternatives to detention in the US, shortfalls in funding and political will are hindering implementation of improved services and best practice.

FMR 44 Alternatives to detention in the UK: from enforcement to engagement?

The UK detains migrants on a large scale, and has had limited success in developing alternatives. The British experience highlights the need for a cultural shift towards engagement with migrants in place of reliance on enforcement.

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